INTIMATE PARTNER VIOLENCE IN PREGNANCY: DISCLOSURE PATTERNS AND COPING PERCEPTIONS
Main Article Content
Abstract
Intimate partner violence in pregnancy is a significant public health challenge with severe consequences on the mother, the unborn child and the society. Understanding the disclosure patterns is critical for effective interventions. The study assessed the disclosure pattern and coping perceptions of Antenatal attendees exposed to intimate partner violence. It implored a cross-sectional descriptive study with sample size of 400. The prevalence of IPV in pregnancy was 27.3%. Among the respondents who experienced IPV, 53.4% (86) did not disclose it. Among those that reported, 29.3% reported to health workers, 20.0% to their parents/siblings and 19.0% committed their spouse to praying. Factors that were statistically associated with disclosure of IPV were educational level (χ2: 15.023; P-value: 0.02), place of residence (χ2: 8.019; P-value: 0.018), and living arrangement (χ2: 8.834; P-value: 0.012). Most of the respondents (74.3%) said they are coping fine; 13.3% are managing to cope and 5.7% find it stressful coping with IPV. Raising awareness, screening pregnant women, and demonstrating political will ameliorate IPV in pregnancy.
Downloads
Article Details
Section
How to Cite
References
Shamu S, Munjanja S, Zarowsky C, Shamu P, Temmerman M. Intimate partner violence, forced first sex and adverse pregnancy outcomes in a sample of Zimbabwean women accessing maternal and child health care. 2018;1–10.
Shrestha M, Shrestha S, Shrestha B. Domestic violence among antenatal attendees in a Kathmandu hospital and its associated factors: A cross-sectional study. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2016;16(1):1–10.
Flaathen EME, Henriksen L, Småstuen MC, Schei B, Taft A, Noll J, et al. Safe Pregnancy intervention for intimate partner violence: a randomised controlled trial in Norway among culturally diverse pregnant women. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2022;22(1):1–15.
United Nations. Declaration on the elimination of violence against women,. United Nation; 1994.
WHO. Understanding and addressing violence against women [Internet]. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2012. p. 12. Available from:
http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/77434/1/WHO_RHR_12.37_eng.pdf
WHO UNDP. United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime. Geneva: WHO; 2014.
Agenagnew L, Tebeje B, Tilahun R. Disclosure of Intimate Partner Violence and Associated Factors among Victimized Women, Ethiopia, 2018: A Community-Based Study. Int J Reprod Med. 2020 Jul 22;2020:1–9.
Nabavi RT, Bijandi MS. Bandura’s Social Learning Theory & Social Cognitive Learning Theory Title: Bandura’s Social Learning Theory & Social Cognitive Learning Theory [Internet]. 2012. Available from:
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/267750204
Artz S, Jackson MA, Rossiter KR, Nijdam-Jones A, Géczy I, Porteous S. A Comprehensive Review of The Literature on The Impact of Exposure to Intimate Partner Violence for Children and Youth. International Journal of Child, Youth and Family Studies. 2014;5(4):493–587.
Azene ZN, Yeshita HY, Mekonnen FA. Intimate partner violence and associated factors among pregnant women attending antenatal care service in Debre Markos town health facilities, Northwest Ethiopia. PLoS One. 2019 Jul 1;14(7).
Benebo FO, Schumann B, Vaezghasemi M. Intimate partner violence against women in Nigeria: A multilevel study investigating the effect of women’s status and community norms. BMC Womens Health. 2018 Aug 9;18(1).
National Population Commission (NPC) [Nigeria], ICF. The DHS Program ICF Rockville, Maryland, USA. 2019 [cited 2021 Mar 25]. p. 748 Nigeria Demographic Health Survey 2018. Available from:
https://dhsprogram.com/publications/publication-fr359-dhs-final-reports.cfm
Envuladu EA, Chia L, Banwat ME, Lar LA, Agbo HA, Zoakah AI. Domestic violence among pregnant women attending antenatal clinic in a PHC facility in Jos north LGA Plateau State Nigeria. Vol. 1, E3 Journal of Medical Research. 2012.
Katiti V, Sigalla GN, Rogathi J, Manongi R, Mushi D. Factors influencing disclosure among women experiencing intimate partner violence during pregnancy in Moshi Municipality, Tanzania. BMC Public Health. 2016 Aug 4;16(1).
Sigalla GN, Mushi D, Gammeltoft T. “Staying for the children”: The role of natal relatives in supporting women experiencing intimate partner violence during pregnancy in northern Tanzania – A qualitative study. PLoS One. 2018 Jun 1;13(6).
Chirwa ED, Sikweyiya Y, Addo-Lartey AA, Alangea DO, Coker-Appiah D, Adanu RMK, et al. Prevalence and risk factors of physical or sexual intimate violence perpetration amongst men in four districts in the central region of Ghana: Baseline findings from a cluster randomised controlled trial. PLoS One. 2018 Mar 1;13(3).
Aysun Babacan Gümüş, Sevinç Şıpkın ÖE. The prevalence of intimate partner violence against women and women’s methods of coping with partner violence*. J Psychiatr Nurs. 2020;11(2):79–87.
Gormley R, Nicholson V, Parry R, Lee M, Webster K, Sanchez M, et al. Help-Seeking to Cope With Experiences of Violence Among Women Living With HIV in Canada. Violence Against Women. 2021;(X).
Barez MA, Babazadeh R, Roudsari RL, Bazaz MM, Najmabadi KM. Women ’ s strategies for managing domestic violence during pregnancy : a qualitative study in Iran. Reprod Health. 2022;19(1):1–13.
Gormley R, Nicholson V, Parry R, Lee M, Webster K, Sanchez M, et al. Help-Seeking to Cope With Experiences of Violence Among Women Living With HIV in Canada. Violence Against Women. 2021;(X).
Ayodapo AO, Sekoni OO, Asuzu MC. Pattern of intimate partner violence disclosure among pregnant women attending ante-natal clinic in Oyo East Local Government , Nigeria. South African Family Practice. 2017;59(2):67–71.
Sere Y, Roman N V., Ruiter RAC. Coping With the Experiences of Intimate Partner Violence Among South African Women: Systematic Review and Meta-Synthesis. Vol. 12, Frontiers in Psychiatry. Frontiers Media S.A.; 2021.